ANALYSIS OF THE DECISIONS OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE IN THE FIELD OF FREE MOVEMENT OF GOODS

Od ustanovitve dalje ima Sodišče Evropske unije številne pristojnosti in naloge. Njegova najpomembnejša naloga je zagotavljanje spoštovanja evropskih predpisov in enotne razlage evropskega pravnega reda. Učinkovito in enotno uporabo zakonodaje Unije Sodišče zagotavlja skozi postopek predhodnega odločanja. Čeprav je od ustanovitve Evropske skupnosti minilo že mnogo let in imajo vse sodbe Sodišča precedenčni učinek, v številu teh postopkov še vedno opažamo naraščajoč trend. Kar nekaj predhodnih vprašanj je vsako leto tudi na temo prostega pretoka blaga. Da lahko prosti pretok blaga deluje, morajo biti odpravljene ovire, ki se običajno delijo v tri skupine: carine in dajatve z enakim učinkom, količinske omejitve in ukrepi z enakim učinkom ter diskriminatorni notranji davki. Kar se na prvi pogled zdi zelo jasno, se v praksi izkaže, da temu ni tako. V veliko primerih je bila nacionalna zakonodaja na videz nediskriminatorna in v skladu s pravom Skupnosti, vendar se je izkazalo, da dejansko razlikuje med domačimi in uvoženimi izdelki. V tej magistrski nalogi je analizirano predvsem to, na katero skupino ovir se nanaša največ vprašanj za predhodno odločanje ter iz katerih držav je bilo v obravnavanem obdobju vloženih največ postopkov – so to ustanovne, starejše ali mlajše članice. Ker so na enem mestu zbrani in opisani vsi postopki za predhodno odločanje, se jasno pokaže, s katerega ožjega področja prihaja največ vprašanj. Tako bo stroka dobila vpogled, na katero področje se mora osredotočiti, če hoče zmanjšati število vloženih postopkov. Za znanost pa je bolj zanimiva analiza po državah izvora, saj niso najmlajše članice tiste, ki so postavile največ vprašanj.Since the establishment, the Court of Justice of the European Union has a number of responsibilities and tasks. Its most important task is to ensure compliance with European regulations and a uniform interpretation of the European legal order. The Court ensures the effective and uniform application of Union law through the preliminary ruling procedure. Although many years have passed since the establishment of the European Community and all the judgments of the Court have a precedent effect, we still see an increasing trend in the number of these procedures. Several preliminary issues are also on the topic of free movement of goods every year. In order for the free movement of goods to work, barriers which are usually divided into three categories must be removed: customs duties and charges having equivalent effect, quantitative restrictions and measures having equivalent effect and discriminatory internal taxes. What seems at first glance is very clear, in practice it turns out that this is not the case. In many cases, national legislation seems to be non-discriminatory and in line with Community law, but it has turned out that it actually distinguishes between domestic and imported products. In this master\u27s thesis, it is mainly analyzed on which group of obstacles the majority of preliminary questions are addressed, and from which countries the majority of procedures were submitted during the period under consideration - are these the founding, older or younger members. Since all the preliminary procedures are collected and described in one place, it is clear from which narrower area the most questions arise. Thus, the profession will get an insight into which area it needs to focus on if it wants to reduce the number of procedures. For science, however, analysis by country of origin more interesting, as it is no not the youngest members who have submitted the most questions