AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING PROFESSION AND FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW

Food security is currently a fundamental issue in Nigeria as the country faces serious challenge in meeting food needs of its growing population. Though large expanse of arable land, favorable climatic conditions the nation has not been able to translate these to increased food production. Over 90% of agricultural production in Nigeria is rain-fed. Smallholders, mostly subsistence producers account for 80% of all farm holdings such that crop and livestock productions remain below potentials. Majority of Nigeria’s agriculture is still at subsistence level; this is grossly inadequate in food production. This paper highlights the relevance of appropriate technology to production, processing and preservation of food, advances in biotechnology, renewable energy and waste management for environmental sustainability. Neglect or low level of appreciation for agricultural engineering is partly responsible for food insecurity in Nigeria. The role of agricultural engineers in the development and application of relevant agricultural implements to boost food production and the need for government at all levels to recognize and encourage the profession is emphasized. This will ultimately lead to greater productivity and guarantee food security for the nation