Building energy efficiency policies and practices in Pakistan: A literature review

peer reviewedThe household sector in Pakistan became the largest consumer of electricity which is responsible for more than 51% of the national consumption. The Building Energy Code of Pakistan was developed in 1990, yet the institutional setup regarding energy efficiency & conservation is inadequate. There is lack of experts and implementation of policies at national and provincial level. The study aims to explore the energy efficiency and conservation policies in Pakistan and their impact on reducing household energy consumption. The issues related to the implementation of policies across the country have been further discussed. The paper provides an overview of the energy sector and its challenges related to residential buildings. Energy policies, standards and literature related to building sector were analysed and discussed with the experts. Moreover, suggestions and recommendations are made for the possible solutions and improvement of the existing situation.Methodology for the design of climate-responsive houses for improved thermal comfort in cold semi-arid climate