Is there any difference in the biological impact of soluble and insoluble degradation products of iron-containing biomaterials?

The interactions that could be built between the biomaterials and tissue- microenvironments are very complex, especially in case of degradable metals that generate a broad variety of degradation products. The interfacial problems are particularly relevant for Fe-based materials that have been proposed for the development of biodegradable implants. The cell metabolism could be affected by the accumulation of insoluble Fe-containing degradation products that has been observed in vitro and in vivo as a coarse granular brownish material around the implant. However, the relative importance of each Fe-species (soluble and insoluble) on the cellular behavior of the surrounding cells, particularly on the generation of reactive species (RS), is not completely elucidated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the processes occurring at the Fe-biomaterial/cells interfacial region, and to discriminate the effects of soluble and insoluble corrosion products released by the bulk metal (Fe- microparticles (Fe0p) or Fe0 ring) on the adjacent cells, mainly in relation to RS generation. With this purpose Fe0p and Fe0 ring were incubated with fibroblast cells (BALB/c 3T3 line) for 24 and 48 h periods. Then different techniques were used, such as the dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay (DCFH2-DA) for detection of RS, acridine orange dye for cell viability, total protein content determinations, Prussian Blue staining and TEM observations. To individualize the effects of soluble and insoluble species, independent experiments with Fe3+-salts were performed. Overall data indicate that RS generation by cells exposed to the degradation products of Fe-based biomaterials is more dependent on the presence of insoluble products than on soluble Fe species.Fil: Fagali, Natalia Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Grillo, Claudia Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Puntarulo, Susana Ángela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad Medicina. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez Lorenzo, Monica Alicia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; Argentin