[[alternative]]The Efficacy of Cognitive Training Program among Elderly with Cognitive Function Decline in Long-term Care Facility

[[abstract]]失智症盛行率與發生率隨著年齡的增加而遞增，於長期照護機構之老人罹患失智症比率較社區老人高，認知功能退化會影響其日常生活功能，進而導致老人易出現挫折感、憂鬱、焦慮等問題，故如何延緩老人認知功能退化是一項重要的議題。本研究旨在探討認知訓練介入對機構認知功能退化老人認知、憂鬱、幸福感、自尊及生活品質之成效。採類實驗研究設計，針對台灣東部地區接受機構式照護之65歲以上認知功能退化老人為對象，實驗組及對照組人數皆為25人，實驗組接受每週2次，每次60分鐘，為期12週之腦當憶壯認知訓練，對照組則採機構常規照護。介入前及研究進行至第4週、第8週、第12週評估兩組之認知、憂鬱、幸福感、自尊及生活品質。以描述性統計來分析基本人口學資料，重複測量變異數分析（Repeated measure ANOVA）來分析主要的結果資料。經12週認知訓練介入後，實驗組老人在認知功能、幸福感及自尊都有提升的趨勢，且實驗組於第4週、第8週、第12週三個時間點都顯著高於對照組。實驗組老人之憂鬱狀態也有逐漸下降趨勢，其第8週、第12週兩個時間點之憂鬱狀態均顯著低於對照組。唯生活品質在認知訓練介入後實驗組與對照組並無差異。建議此腦當憶壯認知訓練計畫可實際應用於長期照護機構活動帶領，可以改善機構認知功能退化老人之認知功能、憂鬱、幸福感及自尊。[[abstract]]Prevalence of dementia is growing rapidly as the aging population increases. The number of the elderly with dementia in long-term care facility is higher than those who live in the community. The elderly may feel frustrated and display depression and anxiety when they start to have cognitive decline which lead to difficulties in the activities of daily living. Developing strategies to improve cognitive function for the elderly is important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cognitive training program for cognitive function, depression, well-being, self-esteem and quality of life among the elderly with a decline in cognitive function in long-term care facility. A quasi-experimental design was used. Participants were older residents with cognitive function decline in a long-term care facility in eastern Taiwan. A total of 50 participants aged 65 years and older were assigned to experimental group (n=25) or control group (n=25). The experimental group received cognitive training program for 60 minutes per session, twice a week for 12 weeks delivered by a trained nurse; and the control group received routine care. Cognitive function, depression, well-being, self-esteem and quality of life were assessed at pretest, week 4, week 8, and week 12. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze demongraphical data, and repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the main outcomes. After 12-week cognitive training program, the experimental group had improvement on cognitive function, well-being, and self-esteem over time, and these improvements were significantly different at week 4, 8, and 12 compared to those of the control group. Depression was decreased in the experimental group over time and reached a statistically significant difference at week 8 and week 12 compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference on quality of life between groups. The cognitive training program can be applied to improve cognitive function, depression, well-being and self-esteem for the elderly with cognitive function decline in long-term care facility