The scientific work presented in this thesis is based on proton proton collision produced,at 13 TeV in the center of mass, created by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and recordedbetween 2015 and 2017 by the ATLAS detector.After a short introduction on the physics program at LHC, the first chapter gives a comprehensiveoverview of the theoretical context and motivation. Then a complete descriptionof the ATLAS detector and more generally the experimental setup is given with a highlighton the different physics objects used in this research.The third chapter is dealing with a measure of the performances of the ATLAS electromagneticcalorimeter, namely the study of the electron identification efficiencies using Wdecaying into electrons and neutrin...