Dampak bea keluar kakao terhadap industri kakao di indonesia

One of the main commodities of the Indonesian plantation sub-sector is cocoa. Indonesian cocoa production is included in the form of unfermented beans. The Government of Indonesia in April 2010 imposed tariffs on cocoa beans. The purpose of this policy is to guarantee domestic cocoa goods for domestic companies at affordable prices. Domestic cocoa industry needs to be cultivated, but the production of cocoa beans has decreased. Decrease in productivity in cocoa seed raw material supply for cocoa processing industry. Price is an important factor that determines farmers 'income, so the aims of this study looks at price relationships at the farmers' level, domestic prices, international prices and to analysis of the effect of cocoa export duty on the cocoa processing industry. This research method uses VAR / VECM to know the relation of domestic and international price. Diamond Porter is used to see the impact of export duty policies issued by the government on the competitiveness of the cocoa processing industry. The international price of cocoa beans monthly from ICCO, monthly domestic price of spot cocoa beans Makassar from Bappebti, export benchmark prices and monthly tariffs, cocoa beans price of farmers from APKAI, structured questionnaire based on diamond porter were used for this research. Based on the results and discussion based on the VECM test, only on the long-term relationships, international prices have a significant influence on domestic prices. Based on the IRF test showing shocks at international prices responded positively by the price of domestic cocoa in Indonesia while export tax responded negatively by the domestic price. The FEVD results state that the largest contribution to shocks comes from international prices. International prices are perfectly transmitted to domestic prices. Farmers have a high risk indicated by higher coefficient variance values compared to domestic and international prices. Farmers faced uncertainty price for caring cocoa gardens. The absence of incentives is one of the causes of the decline in cocoa beans production that ultimately affects the cocoa processing industry. The impact of cocoa beans exports to the national cocoa industry increases the installed capacity of the industry due to the cheap import of cocoa beans. Porter diamond model shown the existence of exit duty policy can increase domestic industry competition, as well as the development of industrial derivative products of processed products of cocoa. But the increase not accompanied by upstream activities that are full of declining cocoa seed production are in short supply of cocoa beans for domestic industry. Lack of domestic industry strategy in solving the phenomenon of raw material supply shortage