Sorption of triphenyltin chloride to nFe3 O4 , fly ash, and nFe3 O4 / fly ash composite material in seawater

The removal of triphenyltin chloride (TPT) from contaminated artificial seawater by adsorption was investigated. The adsorbents used were nFe3O4/fly ash composite, nFe3O4, and fly ash. This study revealed that the sorption of TPT onto the adsorbents increase with the adsorbent dose, pH, stirring speed, and contact time, and decreased gradually with increase in the solution temperature. The equilibrium and kinetic data were analyzed by the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo second-order kinetic model, respectively. Experimental results therefore showed that 95.37, 96.44, and 98.40% of TPT were removed by the nFe3O4, fly ash, and nFe3O4/fly ash composite, respectively when the maximum conditions for the adsorption of TPT from artificial seawater were applied to TPT – contaminated shipyard wastewater