Enhanced Performance of Planar Perovskite Solar Cell by Graphene Quantum Dot Modification

In organic–inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the perovskite layer is the main source of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Therefore, the premier concern in PSCs is to improve the quality of the perovskite film (PF). In the present research, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were prepared and incorporated in the perovskite precursor, and due to the merits of dangling bonds, quantum size, and excellent electronic conductivity of GQDs, PF of higher-quality with flat surface and pinhole-free hallmarks was garnered. It is delightful that the PFs with GQDs exhibit higher light absorption and faster charge extraction. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs incorporating GQDs achieves an improvement of 11% compared with the pristine ones. Our work confirms that incorporating GQDs is a viable approach to obtain high-quality PF with more efficient charge extraction for superior planar PSCs