CKIP-1 is necessary for NC cell formation.

<p>(A) Unilateral HH4 electroporations were performed with FITC-conjugated random control MO or CKIP-1-targeting MO; embryos then were cultured to HH10 and immunostained for FITC and Pax7, shown in dorsal views. (B) Quantitation of phenotype penetrance for control MO—and CKIP-1 MO–electroporated embryos analyzed at HH10. Phenotypes were classified as described in <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.2004425#pbio.2004425.s003" target="_blank">S3A Fig</a>. (C,E) Transverse sections of HH10 control MO and CKIP-1 MO embryos showing Pax7 staining (C) or Sox10 staining (E). (D,F) Quantitation of Pax7+ (D) or Sox10+ (F) cell counts following control MO and CKIP-1 electroporations, as determined from sections and normalized to counts on the uninjected side. Displayed are total cell counts, as well as the number of Pax7+ dorsal NT or migratory Pax7+ cell counts, as means ± SEMs. Underlying data can be found in <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.2004425#pbio.2004425.s006" target="_blank">S1 Data</a>. <i>P</i> values from two-tailed Student <i>t</i> test. <i>n</i> = number of embryos analyzed per condition. Scale bars represent 100 μm (A) or 50 μm (C,E). FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; HH, Hamburger-Hamilton stage; MO, morpholino oligonucleotide; NC, neural crest; NS, not significant; NT, neural tube; Pax7, paired box 7; Sox10, Sry-related HMg-Box gene 10.