TGF<i>β</i>1 experiments.

<p>(A) The sprouting percentage (red curve), the angiogenesis level (blue curve), and the fibrinolysis percentage (green curve), are plotted against changes in the initial concentration of fibrin-bound latent-TGF<i>β</i>1 (relative units). The sprouting percentage is the percentage of simulations (out of a 100 simulations) that have an angiogenesis level larger than zero. The angiogenesis level is a measure that simultaneously reflects sprout depth and sprout count, and the mean angiogenesis level is taken over all simulations that actually formed sprouts. The fibrinolysis percentage is the percentage of the initial fibrin lattice sites that are invaded by the endothelial cells at MCS 6000. (B) Addition of active TGF<i>β</i>1 has a biphasic effect on sprout formation in our model. The sprouting frequency increases for the addition of low doses of TGF<i>β</i>1, but global degradation of the complete endothelial cell monolayer prevents sprout formation at high doses of TGF<i>β</i>1. Error bars are the standard deviation of 100 runs.