Metal-Phenolic Surfaces for Generating Therapeutic Nitric Oxide Gas

Material-independent surface chemistry by polydopamine and other phenolic networks is of great influence in nearly all science and engineering fields in biomedical, energy storage, and environmental sciences. On nearly all types of material surface, immobilizations of functional molecules, wettability controls, conductive coatings, cell cultures, polymer growth, and others can be conducted on demand. However, strategies for establishing catalytic properties using the existing material-independent surface chemistry remain an extensive research area. Herein, we developed a method to providing glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity in the network of copper-phenolic-amine. The interfacial catalytic activity results in a catalytic generation of nitric oxide (NO) from surfaces with a capability of 1 to 14 × 10^–10 mol cm^–2 min^–1. The optimized coatings not only significantly inhibit platelet activation and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, but also selectively support endothelial cell (EC) growth. This feature impressively improves antithrombogenicity and antirestenosis in vascular stents <i>in vivo</i>. Hence, the first catalytic NO-generating metal-phenolic surface chemistry can be a promising strategy for treating cardiovascular diseases