Motility of <i>V</i>. <i>cholerae</i> mutants in the presence of Neu5Ac and GlcNAc.

<p>The motility responses of different mutants involved in the catabolism of Neu5Ac and GlcNAc were tested on soft agar plates containing A) 0.1% glycerol or 0.1% glycerol supplemented with B) Neu5Ac and C) GlcNAc. Columns represent the mean of four independent experiments and error bars the standard deviation. Wild-type N16961 (WT), Δ<i>motAB</i> (non-motile), Δ<i>nanA</i> and Δ<i>nanEK</i> (cannot use Neu5Ac as a carbon source), Δ<i>nagE</i> and Δ<i>nagK</i> (cannot use exogenous or endogenous GlcNAc as a carbon source respectively), Δ<i>nagA1-A2</i> and Δ<i>nagB</i> (cannot use Neu5Ac or GlcNAc as carbon sources). Statistical comparisons were made using one-way ANOVA and comparing diameters of the mutants relative to wild-type using Tukey’s HSD test; bars within a panel with the same letter are not significantly different at alpha = 0.05. In A bars with the letter a are not significantly different at alpha = 0.05 from one another but are different from b at P < 0.0001. In B bars with the letter a are not significantly different at alpha = 0.05 from one another but are different from b and c at P < 0.0001. Furthermore, b and c are also significantly different from each other with a P < 0.0001. In C bars with the letter a are not significantly different at alpha = 0.05 from one another but are different from b, c and d at P < 0.0001. Furthermore, b and c are also significantly different from each other with a P < 0.0001.