Fibromodulin is expressed in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts and regulated by inflammatory pathways.

<p>(A) FMOD mRNA in cultured cardiomyocytes (CM) and cardiac fibroblasts (CFB) from neonatal rats, n = 10–11. Ribosomal protein L4 (RPL4) was used as reference gene. (B) Quantitative levels of extracellular FMOD (FMODext) protein in culture medium from CM and CFB, n = 6–10, with (C) representative immunoblots. (D) CM and (E) CFB cultures were treated with the innate immunity mediator lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or the nuclear factor (NF)κB-inhibitor SM7368, alone or in combination. CM, n = 9–18, and CFB, n = 10–19. Data are shown as mean±SEM. Statistical differences were tested using an unpaired t-test, CM vs. CFB (A-B), *p≤0.05; ***p≤0.005, and (D-E) one-way ANOVA with Holm-Sidak post-hoc test vs. Cntr or co-treatment with SM7368 vs. LPS alone, *** p≤0.005.