Memory and learning behavioral tests using Morris water maze and fear conditioning.

<p>No significant difference during training was found between SPF (n = 15 for both females and males) and GF (n = 6 for females and n = 9 for males) mice at 4 weeks (A), but at 12 weeks (B) SPF (n = 13 for both females and males) mice had significantly higher learning curve slopes than GF (n = 7 for both females and males) mice by RM ANOVA. (C). SPF mice spent significantly more time in the platform quadrant during the probe trial of the Morris water maze test at 12 weeks, but were not different from SPF mice at 4 weeks. (D). SPF males swim speed was significantly higher than GF males at 12 weeks. (E). Freezing time was longer in contextual fear conditioning test in male SPF mice at 12 weeks. (F). Freezing time was shorter for SPF mice in the second part of cued fear conditioning test (different chamber and sound cue presented) at 12 weeks. Asterisks indicate significant differences when <i>p</i>-value is at least <0.05.