NF-κB is responsible for the MHV-68-induced SOCS1 production.

<p>(A) BMMs were infected with MHV-68 at MOI = 10. At 3, 5, 7, 13, and 25 hpi, protein was extracted and the levels of phospho-p38, p38, phospho-Erk1/2, Erk1/2, phospho-SAPK/JNK, SAPK/JNK, phospho-IκBα, IκBα, phospho-NF-κB p65, NF-κB p65 were determined by western blotting. (B) BMMs were pretreated with DMSO, U0126, SP600125, SB239063 or Bay11-7082, respectively for 30 min before being infected with MHV-68. At 8 hpi, SOCS1 mRNA was determined by RT-qPCR. Data are expressed as fold change in mRNA level compared to that in uninfected cells. (C) BMMs were pretreated with U0126, SP600125, SB239063, or Bay11-7082 for 30 min before being infected with MHV-68. At 8 hpi, the levels of SOCS1, phospho-NF-κB p65, NF-κB p65, phospho-Erk1/2, Erk1/2, phospho-p38, p38, phospho-SAPK/JNK, and SAPK/JNK were determined by western blotting. (D) BMM cells were pretreated with Bay11-7082 for 30 min before cells were stimulated with Poly(I:C) for 12 hours. Cells were collected for RNA extraction and SOCS1 expression was determined by RT-qPCR. Data are expressed as SOCS1 relative mRNA values over Poly(I:C) stimulated cells without inhibitor treatment. Results are representative of three independent experiments and are expressed as mean ± S.E.M., <i>*p < 0</i>.<i>05</i>.