Activation of canonical Wnt signaling in FSP1⁺ fibroblasts protects mice from diet-induced obesity.

<p>(A) Body weight of male F-BCA mice and their control littermates on an HFD. <i>n</i> = 8 for male control mice, and <i>n</i> = 7 for male F-BCA mice. (B) Ventral view of subcutaneous and visceral adipose depots of control and F-BCA littermates on an HFD at 4 months of age. Adipose depots are circled with dashed lines. (C) Percent body fat (NMR spectroscopy) of control and F-BCA littermates on an HFD at 4 months of age. <i>n</i> = 8 for male control mice, and <i>n</i> = 7 for male F-BCA mice. (D, E) Representative pictures and weight of the adipose tissues of F-BCA mice and their control littermates on an HFD at the age of 4 months. <i>n</i> = 12 for male control mice, and <i>n</i> = 12 for male F-BCA mice. (F) HE staining of WAT sections of 4-month-old F-BCA mice and their control littermates. Scale bar: 200 μm. (G) GTT of F-BCA mice and their control littermates on an HFD at 4 months of age. <i>n</i> = 8 for male control mice, and <i>n</i> = 7 for male F-BCA mice. (H) Quantification of the AUC of the GTT relative to the control group. (I) ITT of F-BCA mice and their control littermates on an HFD at 4 months of age. <i>n</i> = 8 for male control mice, and <i>n</i> = 7 for male F-BCA mice. (J) Quantification of the AUC of the ITT relative to the control group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analyses were performed with two-tailed unpaired student <i>t</i> test (panel C, E, H, and J) or two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparison test (panel A, G, and I). *<i>p</i> < 0.05; **<i>p</i> < 0.01; ***<i>p</i> < 0.001. Underlying data can be found in <a href="http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.2001493#pbio.2001493.s012" target="_blank">S1 Data</a>. AUC, area under the curve; Ctrl, control; E-WAT, epididymal white adipose tissue; F-BCA, <i>Fsp1</i>-<i>Cre</i>;<i>Ctnnb1</i>^{exon 3 fl/+}; FSP1, fibroblast-specific protein-1; GTT, glucose tolerance test; HE, hematoxylin–eosin; HFD, high-fat diet; ITT, insulin tolerance test; I-WAT, inguinal white adipose tissue; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; NS, not significant; WAT, white adipose tissue.