The movement of specific gene loci in <i>Biomphalaria glabrata</i> cell nuclei upon an exposure to miracidia of <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>.

<p>Panels <b>a</b> and <b>b</b> display nuclei that have been extracted from tissues of snails before (a) and after (b) an exposure to schistosome miracidia (c). The blue fluorescent dye DAPI is used to delineate the nuclei as it intercalates into DNA and the Hsp70 gene loci (green), visualized with a fluorescent dye, after nuclei have been fixed and subjected to FISH, employing specific complimentary probes that bind exclusively to the gene of interest. Panel <b>d</b> is a cartoon representing the movement of gene loci seen after the stimulus of the infection. The white arrows represent the directed and active movement of the gene loci to transcription factories (red stars), with consequent up-regulation (yellow arrows). Scale bar 5 μm. FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; Hsp, heat shock protein.