Determination of operating characteristics of one and two-stage heat pump

Svetovna ekološka kriza je povod za nove raziskave na področju uporabe obnovljivih virov energije in učinkovite rabe energije. Zakonodaja držav Evropske unije se v skladu z evropskimi direktivami dopolnjuje tako, da spodbuja nove postopke proizvodnje energije, ki so čim manj škodljivi za okolje. Namen diplomskega dela je preučiti različne vezave visokotemperaturnih toplotnih črpalk z namenom izboljšanja grelnega števila. Kot vir toplote smo uporabili geotermalno vodo in visokotemperaturno toplotno črpalko tipa voda-voda. Za izboljšanje grelnega števila smo poleg različnih vezav toplotnih črpalk uporabili tudi nova hladiva četrte generacije, ki veljajo za okolju prijazna, s kratko razpolovno dobo v atmosferi in nizkim potencialom globalnega segrevanja ozračja. Cilj diplomskega dela je z računalniškimi simulacijami, izvedenimi s programskim paketom ASPEN Plus, z različnimi vezavami visokotemperaturnih toplotnih črpalk in okolju prijaznimi hladivi priti do čim večjega grelnega števila. Obratovalne karakteristike pri različnih temperaturah vira toplote in temperaturah ogrevalne vode so bile izračunane za kaskadno ter vzporedno vezavo visokotemperaturnih toplotnih črpalk za enostopenjsko in dvostopenjsko visokotemperaturno toplotno črpalko. Ugotovili smo, da je pri enostopenjski toplotni črpalki boljša kaskadna vezava visokotemperaturnih toplotnih črpalk, ker je grelno število večje kot pri vzporedno vezanih visokotemperaturnioh toplotnih črpalkah. Izvedena je tudi ekonomska analiza uporabe visokotemperaturnih toplotnih črpalk za potrebe daljinskega ogrevanja in industrije.The global ecological crisis is a cause for new research in the field of renewable energy and efficient energy use. In line with European directives, the legislation of EU countries is complementary in such a way as to encourage new energy production processes which are harmful to the environment as little as possible. The purpose of the diploma work is to study various couplings of high-temperature heat pumps in order to improve the heating number. Geothermal water and high-temperature water-water type heat pumps were used as the heat source. In order to improve the heating number, in addition to various couplings of heat pumps, we also used new fourth-generation coolants that are considered environmentally friendly, with a short half-life in the atmosphere and a low potential for global warming. The goal of the diploma work is to achieve the highest possible number of computer simulations with the ASPEN Plus software package with various couplings of high-temperature heat pumps and environmentally friendly coolants. The operating characteristics at different temperatures of the heat source and the heating water temperatures were calculated for the cascade and parallel coupling of high-temperature heat pumps for a single-stage and two-stage high-temperature heat pump. We found that in the case of a single-stage heat pump, the cascade coupling of high-temperature heat pumps is better because the heating number is higher than in parallel coupled high-temperature heat pumps. An economic analysis of the use of high-temperature heat pumps for the needs of district heating and industry has also been carried out