The Analysis of Genetic Source of the Prestice Black-Pie Pig

My thesis "The Analysis of the Genetic Source of the Prestice Black-Pie Pig" deals with the evaluation of the population of the Prestice Black-Pie pigs from the point of view of their numbers, the structure of their population and their reproductive qualities, using the data of the Association of Pig Breeders in Bohemia and Moravia. First the carcass value and meat quality of this original Czech meat bacon breed were evaluated and then a slaughter dissection and laboratory analyses of the meat from the analyzed group of pigs were done. The numbers of PBP pigs have increased significantly especially since 2012 and so has the number of the farms; however in many of them there are fewer than 10 PBP pigs. This is why the PBP pig breeding is rather fragmented and it is difficult to sustain sufficient genetic diversity of the closed population. This is also connected with unequal numbers of the 10 genealogical lines. The Akoga and Amperor lines were the most numerous. Since 2015 the numbers of pigs from different lines have been more balanced. In 2016 two sows from the renewed Apolon line, which had been born from a cryopreserved seed, were put in the farms. The influence of the line was evidential in the statistics: in reproduction as well in productive qualities. Therefore, to sustain sufficient genetic diversity in a small population we need to keep in the stock the maximum number of equally represented genealogical lines. A detailed analysis of reproductive indicators of the years 2013 - 2016 found 9.4 piglets born alive and 8.7 weaned piglets, the farrowing interval of 181 days, the average values of relevant indicators did not meet the requirements of the breeding objective; only one farm met them. Statistically speaking, there were significant differences between the individual farms. In bigger farms there were higher reproductive qualities. Between 1998 and 2016 the average daily gain in weight was 530 g for gilts, 578 g for boars, the muscle fibre ratio for gilts was 58.5 % and for boars 59.3 %, the back fat thickness was the same for both, 1.1 cm. The requirements of the breeding objective were met, except for the lower weight gain for gilts. The average daily weight gain between the years 2009 and 2013 for 577 gilts was 524 g, the average muscle fibre ratio was 59.1 % and the average back fat thickness was 1.03 cm; in all indicators there were statistically evidential differences between individual farms. In bigger farms the muscle fibre share was higher by 0.9 %. In a group of PBP pigs I studied the influence of slaughter weight and gender on carcass value. The statistics clearly showed that the bigger the slaughter weight was, the higher the back fat thickness was, and also the higher the weight of meat parts was, but the share of meat parts was reduced, and the area of MLLT increased, too. The slaughter weight had no influence on the muscle fibre share. The statistics also showed that with the increase in slaughter weight there was an increase in drip loss and the meat was tenderer. There was also a statistically inconclusive increase in intramuscular fat. The statistics also showed that the barrows in the analyzed group had a lot higher average daily gain, a statistically inconclusive higher back fat thickness, lower share of muscle fibre and a statistically conclusive lower share of ham and higher share of intramuscular fat. In the meat of the analyzed group of pigs I studied the content of fatty acids. There was a higher share of undersaturated fatty acids and a high share of n-6 PUFA:n-3 PUFA, which is not considered satisfactory from the nutritional viewpoint