Design of an implanted compact antenna for an artificial cardiac pacemaker system

An implanted compact antenna for an artificial cardiac pacemaker is proposed. The dimension of the pacemaker system, including the antenna element, is 30mm x 35mm x 7 mm. When the antenna is embedded in a semi-solid flat phantom with equivalent electrical properties as the human body, S-11 value is -19.2dB at 403.5MHz and the -10 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 10MHz (399 similar to 409 MHz). The proposed antenna in the phantom has a peak gain of -24.61 dBi at 403.5 MHz. The measured specific absorption ratio (SAR) value of the proposed antenna is 0.0079W/Kg (1 g tissue). Moreover, to estimate the communication performance of the proposed antenna operated in the real environment, a link budget analysis is performed