Development and Sex - The Prostitution Tourism Policy of the Korean Government, 1953-1988 -

??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????. ?????? ????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????????. ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????????, ??? ?????? ????????? ???????????????, ???????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????????. ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????. ????????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ??????, ??????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????, ????????? ??????????????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????? ????????????. ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????????????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????, ????????? ?????? ??????????????????????? ???????????????????? ?????? ????????????, ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? 1980???????????? ???????????????. 1965??? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????????, ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ????????????. ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ??? ????????????, ??? ???????????? ????????????????? ????????????. ???????????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????? 1980?????? ???????????? ???????????????. ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????????? ????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????????. ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????. ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????????????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????, ????????? ????????????, ????????????, ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????????.This paper examines the prostitution tourism policy that the Korean government implemented in the process of a rush to economic growth. The prostitution tourism policy of the Korean government originated from the U. S. camptowns in Korea right after the Korean War. The government tried to earn foreign currency by offering rest and recreation to the U. S. forces, which gave rise to a peculiar tourism policy that regarded the U. S. soldiers and camptowns as tourists and tourist spots. A facile means to encourage the U. S. soldiers? consumption, the vast majority of whom were men, was alcohol and women. Consequently, the prostitution tourism policy consisted of three pillars, which were the exemption of liquor and entertainment taxes, service training for the sex workers, and STD examinations on them. The first two were regulated by the Tourism Promotion Law and some regulations on taxes, and the last one was conducted under the Infectious Diseases Prevention Law and the Food and Sanitation Law. This policy structure lasted until the 1980s, with some variations. As Japanese tourists rapidly increased after the normalization of diplomatic relation between Korea and Japan in 1965, the focus of the tourism policy shifted from the U. S. soldiers to Japanese tourists. The government took the initiative in developing the Kisaeng (Korean geisha) culture, which had belonged to Korean privileged class men, into a tourist good. The prostitution tourism policy continued until the late 1980s, when the Seoul Asian Games and the Seoul Olympics were held. Nevertheless, sex tourism was not only an outcome of the developmentalism and immorality of the Korean government, because the U. S. Department of Commerce and the U. S. Operation Mission to Korea also recommended including sexual services in Korean tourism programs as a development strategy. In conclusion, the Korean government?s prostitution tourism policy was a joint enterprise of the Korean traditional Kisaeng culture, the Cold War and militarism, developmentalism, and the international tourism project of the U. S. government.????????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???????????????. ??? ????????? 2008?????? ??????(?????????????????????)??? ???????????? ????????????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????????(NRF-2008-361-A00005)