Measurement of shared mental models about situation and strategies in soccer teams

Due to turbulent situation changes, great time pressure, and high interdependence among members, a soccer team relies much on shared mental models about situation awareness and coping strategies. Participants in this study were organized into 3-person soccer teams to match against each other, then watched the videotapes of their matches and were asked to judge the situations and their coping strategies when videotapes unexpectedly paused. Two approaches, namely judgmental and non-judgmental evaluation, were used to measure the similarities of their judgments within teams. Results showed these two approaches were soundly correlated, which implied that simply judgmental evaluation can be effective