Embankments on soft soils

V Magistrskem delu je obravnavana težava nosilnosti in deformacij nasipov na nosilnih tleh s slabimi mehanskimi lastnostmi. Predstavljeni so ukrepi izboljšav temeljnih tal in stika temeljnih tal z nasipom. Izboljšave, ki so obdelane, so namenjene reduciranju diferencialnih posedkov in izboljšav mehanskih lastnosti z uporabo metod za armiranje tal. Kot glavni sodelujoči material armiranja tal, ki tvori nosilni kompozitni sistem, je uporabljen geosintetik, ki je dostopen na trgu v velikem izboru izdelkov in je najbolj ekonomična izbira. Zaradi tega je posebna pozornost podana geosintetiku kot materialu, in njegovim lastnostim, tipom in funkcijam. V nalogi so obdelani 4 primeri izboljšav temeljnih tal, samo armirajoči sloj geosintetika na stiku nasipa in temeljnih tleh, vertikalne drenaže, izboljšava temeljnih tal z uporabo prodnih slopov in izboljšave temeljnih tal z uporabo zabitih pilotov. Za vsak ukrep izboljšave je narejena teoretična analiza delovanja sistema, tehnologija vgrajevanja in računski model za izračun nosilnosti in deformacij. Na koncu je izbran nasip enotne geometrije in mehanskih lastnosti, na podlagi katerega so izvedeni prikazani izračuni in primerjani rezultati.In the Master thesis the problem of load and deformation of embankments on the load-bearing ground of poor mechanical properties is discussed. Measures for improvement of bearing soils and contact of the bearing soils with the embankment are presented. Improvements that are processed are intended to reduce differential settlements and improve mechanical properties using soil reinforcement methods. Geosynthetics, which is available on the market in a wide range of products and is the most economical choice, has been used as the main contributing material for soil reinforcement, which forms the supporting composite system. This is why special attention is given to geosynthetics as a material and its properties, types and functions. The paper deals with 4 examples of bearing ground improvements, the only reinforcing layer of geosynthetics at the interface of the embankment and bearing soils, vertical drainage, the improvement of the barren ground using gravel slopes and the improvement of the bearing soils using the piled pilots. For each improvement measure, a theoretical analysis of system performance, installation technology and calculation model for load and deformation calculation is made. In the end, a single geometry embankment and mechanical properties are selected, on which the presented calculations and comparative results are performed