A multilayer optimization scheme to retain the voltage and frequency in standalone microgrids

A new technique is proposed in this paper to manage the frequency and voltage of standalone remote area microgrids within predefined limits. To this end, a multilayer approach is used to determine the most suitable actions. The proposed technique contemplates the dynamic supply adequacy and sustainability of the microgrid in addition to the operational costs. It takes action instantly after an event that violates the microgrid's voltage and/or frequency and adjusts the generation levels of the dispatchable sources and determining the best configuration for the microgrid's network. It then proceeds to determine the level of power support from available neighboring microgrids and controlling the loads, as well as the charge or discharge power of existing battery storage systems, in addition to curtailing the renewable sources in successive actions. The developed operation-stage technique uses a metaheuristic optimization. The performance of the developed technique is validated through extensive numerical analyses in MATLAB