Deixis: How to determine demonstrated objects using a pointing cone

Kranstedt A, Lücking A, Pfeiffer T, Rieser H, Wachsmuth I. Deixis: How to determine demonstrated objects using a pointing cone. In: Gibet S, Courty N, Kamp J-F, eds. Gesture in Human-Computer Interaction and Simulation. Lecture notes in computer science, 3881 : Lecture notes in artificial intelligence. Berlin: Springer; 2006: 300-311.We present a collaborative approach towards a detailed understanding of the usage of pointing gestures accompanying referring expressions. This effort is undertaken in the context of human-machine interaction integrating empirical studies, theory of grammar and logics, and simulation techniques. In particular, we attempt to measure the precision of the focussed area of a pointing gesture, the so-called pointing cone. ne pointing cone serves as a central concept in a formal account of multi-modal integration at the linguistic speech-gesture interface as well as in a computational model of processing multi-modal deictic expressions