Higher Education Internationalization in the Universities of European Union

У статті здійснено аналіз актуальних досліджень процесу інтернаціоналізації вищої освіти в Європейських університетах. Визначено основні способи інтерпретації поняття інтернаціоналізації вищої освіти (ІВО) в контексті діяльності університетів. Представлено стратегії та підходи до на інституційному та національному рівнях. Виділено основні тенденції розвитку ІВО в межах Європейського Союзу на сучасному етапі.The article presents analysis of modern studies of higher education internationalization process in European universities. Based on modern scientific approaches to higher education internationalization in the context of university activity the principal ways of higher education internationalization interpretation and understanding have been defined. Modern scientific concerns mostly come to the concept of comprehensive intensive internationalization. It is critical to involve institution leaders, chiefs, lectors, professors, students and all educational and service departments. Internationalization becomes institutional imperative but not only desired opportunity. Recently the notion is interpreted as "purposeful integration of international and intercultural dimension into formal and informal curriculum for all students within learning surrounding at home". It considers modern strategies and approaches to higher education internationalization at institutional and national levels. The basic strategy of European Union aims to support elaboration by universities and states-members their own comprehensive internationalization strategies, which will be helpful in fulfillment of general European strategy 2020. One of the most outstanding aspects of internationalization is cooperation with foreign education institutions. Appearance of virtual learning stimulated EU to recommend universities and states to include in their strategies cooperation and partnership, and "internationalization and improvement of curriculum and digital learning". The principal strategies at institutional level are recruitment of foreign instructors and students and correspondingly widening of international learning surrounding, transformation of curriculum and improvement of teaching quality, international cooperation, development of international research and promotion of academic exchanges. One of the principal tasks of HEI is internationalization of academic research interpreted as usage of advanced Western economic tools for analysis and assistance in solving economic problems. Key trends of higher education internationalization development within European Union at modern stage have been outlined as the following: - main advantages and the reasons for HEI incorporation are considered to be improvement of teaching and learning quality and training students for living in a globalized world; - policy at national level is a main external driving force for institutional policy concerning internationalization; - rising of international student mobility is a main political focus within institutional internationalization policy, it becomes more important at regional level and for now is key challenge for those working at internationalization; - international student mobility, international research cooperation and international strategic partnership are priority aspects of internationalization activity in European educational establishments. While physical mobility is the key component of European integration project, virtual mobility is a key component of digital learning internationalization. The most widespread notion of virtual mobility is "usage of information and communication technologies with the aim of gaining the same advantages as usual physical mobility but without necessity to travel"