Health care for patients with acute pancreatitis

Akutni pankreatitis je akutna upalna bolest gušterače koja nastaje naglo a može se manifestirati u obliku blagog i težeg oblika. Među najčešće uzročnike akutnog pankreatitisa ubrajamo alkoholizam i žućne kamence. Učestalost akutnog pankreatitisa je u porastu te predstavlja velik problem u razvijenim zemljama. Simptomi koji upućuju na akutni pankreatitis utječu na svakodnevno funkcioniranje pojedinca. Najčešći simptomi su : mučnina i povraćanje te jaka bol ispod desnog rebranog luka koja se povećava uzimanjem hrane. Upravo zbog toga, vrlo je važna uloga medicinske sestre u edukaciji pacijenta o samoj prehrani po završetku liječenja. Kod blažih oblika bolesti pacijenti počinju jesti obično nakon kratkotrajnog gladovanja dok su kod težih oblika bolesti potrebni enteralni pripravci. Masnoće je potrebno svesti na minimum te se se prehrana treba temeljiti na malim količinama ugljikohidrata i proteina. Cilj ovog završnog rada bio je opisati kako nastaje, što je, kako se dijagnosticira i kako se liječi akutni pankreatitis. Tijekom pisanja ovog rada pokušalo se što jasnije i detaljnije opisati anatomiju i fiziologiju gušterače, čimbenike rizika za nastanak akutnog pankreatitisa i učestalost pojavljivanja bolesti. Naglasak je stavljen na sestrinske dijagnoze i edukaciju pacijenta oboljelog od akutnog pankreatitisa.Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory pancreatic pancreas that can occur abruptly and can manifest itself in the form of mild and tough shape. Among the most common causes of acute pancreatitis we include alcoholism and yellow stinging. The incidence of acute pancreatitis is increasing and is a major problem in developed countries. Symptoms indicating acute pancreatitis affect the daily functioning of an individual. The most common symptoms are: nausea and vomiting and severe pain underneath the right rebalancing port that increases with food. For this very reason, the role of the nurse in the education of the patient about the diet itself is very important after the end of the treatment. In milder forms of illness, patients usually begin to eat after short-term hunger, while enteric formulations are needed in the case of more severe forms of disease. Fat needs to be reduced to a minimum and nutrition should be based on small amounts of carbohydrates and proteins. The aim of this final work was to describe how it is produced, how it is being diagnosed and how acute pancreatitis is treated. During the writing of this paper, the pancreatic anatomy and physiology, the risk factors for acute pancreatitis and the frequency of the onset of the disease were described as clearly and in more detail. An emphasis was placed on the sister's diagnosis and education of a patient suffering from acute pancreatitis