Treatment of patients with compartment syndrome

Kompartment sindrom je urgentno stanje, za katerega je potrebno veliko izkušenj in znanja, dobro klinično prepoznavanje ter pravočasno ukrepanje. Namen diplomske naloge je bilo opisati obravnavo pacienta s kompartment sindromu.V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskreptivno metodo dela z analizo domače in tuje literature, izvedli smo sistematični pregled literature. Literaturo smo iskali v tujih bazah podatkov: SAGE journals, CINAHL in ScienceDirect. Prikaz iskalne strategije smo izvedli po metodologiji PRISMA. Prepozno diagnosticiranje kompartment sindroma vodi v nepopravljive poškodbe mišic. Ko se pojavi sum na kompartment sindrom je potrebno opraviti merjenje mišičnega tlaka, če vrednost presega 30 – 35 mmHg, je velika možnost za pojav kompartment sindroma. Ena povečana meritev ne zadostuje za postavitev diagnoze. Šele več povečanih meritev, ki se stopnjujejo oz. ne zmanjšujejo poda okvirno klinično sliko. Posebno pozornost je potrebno nameniti bolečini, barvi okončin in gibljivosti.Kljub temu, da je kompartment sindrom dobro poznano urgentno stanje, je potrebno veliko izkušenj ter dobro poznavanja znakov in simptomov. Prav tako je za dobro izhodišče potrebno hitro in ustrezno ukrepanje.Compartment syndrome is an emergency condition, which requires a lot of experience in knowledge, good clinical identification and fast action. The purpose of the diploma thesis was to describe the treatment of a patient with compartment syndrome. In the present work we used a descriptive method of work with the analysis of domestic and international literature. We searched for literature in foreign databases: SAGE journals, CINAHL and ScienceDirect. We presented the search strategies in accordance with the PRISMA methodology. Late diagnosis of the compartment syndrome leads to irreversible muscle damage. In a case of a threat of compartment syndrome development, a muscular pressure measurement should be performed. If the value exceeds 30 - 35 mmHg, a high threat of the compartment of the syndrome persists. Single measurement with increased tissue pressure values is not sufficient to set the diagnosis. Several measurements, with increasing or not decreasing trend of higher values, indicate persistence of typical compartment syndrome (clinical picture). Particular attention should be paid to assessment of pain, color of the limb and muscular strength. Despite the fact that compartment syndrome is a well-known emergency, a lot of experience and good knowledge of signs and symptoms are required. Also, a good starting point requires quick and appropriate action