Impact of different types of land cover on physical parameters of landscape surface

The aim of the thesis was understanding the energy fluxes in different types of land cover. The area of interest is located in Novohradské hory in the basins of Váčkový and Pasecký potok. On a relatively small area there are five different types of land cover to be found (field, forest, permanent grassland, wetland and built-up area). For each of the types of land cover three properties of the surface were calculated: amount of vegetation on the surface, wetness of the surface and surface temperature. Moreover, soil heat flux, latent heat flux and sensible heat flux were established therefore surface thermal balance was evaluated. Results were statistically processed with boxplot diagrams as an outcome. The results support the hypothesis of vegetation having a positive effect on microclimate conditions. Especially the permanent cultures (wetlands, permanent grassland, forest) demonstrated much larger microclimatic stability and balance as well as capability of keeping moist. Thanks to insufficient intensity of vaporization (due to lack of water), built-up areas showed higher surface temperatures and sensible heat flux at most of the cases. Vegetation is capable of holding water and redistributing it in an environment via evapotranspiration. Thus, solar energy is stored inside of the water vapour which condensates on cool objects releasing the energy spent during the vaporization process. Water moves in the landscape through the local-scale water cycle stabilizing the microclimate