カフル・シュブラフゥール村の村方騒動 : 19世紀エジプトにおける私的土地所有権の確立とイズバ農民

The complicated judicial condition of land tenure and the rapid economic development under the cotton monocultural agrarian structure led to the widespread conflicts between landlords and peasants in the latter half of the 19 th century Egypt. Its typical case was the riot of Kafr Shubrahur's villagers against the landlord for five years from 1893 to 1898, on which the Mixed Court of Mansura passed judgement in 15 November 1898. Kafr Shubrahur is a small village in Daqahliya Province, whose owner changed many times since its formation in 1829-30 as a cotton farm (‘izba) in the estate (jiflik) of Muhammad ‘Ali (ruled 1805-1848) until it was finally sold out by the Commission des Domaine de 1'Etat to ‘Isa Pasha Hamdi, the plaintiff of this trial, in 1893. The aim of this article is firstly to reconstruct the history and structure of this village, and secondly to discuss the social, economic and judicial background of the above riot, especially the impact of the establishment of private land ownership on its villagers, based upon the decision of the Mixed Court on Kafr Shubrahur trial, Egyptian censuses taken since 1880's, and other source-materials