戦後日本の高校教育供給システムにおける私立高校の役割 : 進学率停滞をともなわない教育拡大はいかにして可能となったか

The main aim of this paper is to identify the roles played by private high schools on the increase in the percentage of students advancing to high school from the 1950s to the early 1960s in Japan. We will also determine the specific measures taken by the private high schools during this period./ We will draw attention to the possibility that if private high schools did not exist, the number of high school students would have increased but that would not have resulted in the increase in advancement rate. We will also show that vast government expenditure would have been essential to achieve education expansion accompanied by an increase in advancement rate with just public high schools. In other words, increase in the percentage of students advancing to high school in Japan was brought about by active recruitment of students by private high schools, and the parents tolerating the expensive academic fees to send their children there. Furthermore, we verify that private schools opened the way for education continuance for females, and contributed to the increase in advancement rate for females./ Taking all the above facts into account, we will discuss the process by which a system for students moving on to high school education was established and stabilized by private high schools supporting the increase in advancement rate.