中学校入学後の学習習慣の形成過程 : 基礎学力を支援する学校・家庭環境の検討

This is an interim report of a longitudinal field-based study, designed to examine how students develop their study habits as they affect the development of core academic competences. The study has been conducted at a private junior high school for the first term, as it will be for the entire three years, of its curriculum. Qualitative and quantitative data have been collected through classroom observations and through questionnaires for students and parents, respectively. It is assumed that three layers of environments affect the development of study habits: school, such as curriculum design and evaluation system; classroom, such as discourse among a teacher and students; and family, such as parental involvement in children's education. Of these, evaluation system and classroom discourse have been found particularly influential. For example, the teachers help to develop study habits by giving daily homework and morning tests as well as by explaining how best to study each subject. As regards students, high achievers have been found more adaptive to the culture of the school than low achievers, in that they have developed study habits that are more attuned to its evaluation system and that draw on larger networks of supportive friends