学校と地域との関係についての考察 : 学校参加システムと保護者等及び校長の行動に着目して

This paper analyzes the mechanism of cooperation between public schools and the community. I argue that principals'consciousness of the necessity to open their school management to the community influences the degree of the cooperation between schools and the community, and that the parent and citizen involvements in schools can urge principals to cooperate with the community. In resent years, social capital is noticed as the factor in citizen involvement. Scholars such as Putnam have been interested in the level of social capital, and insisted that social capital improves the performance of governments. I consider that social capital is essential to improve school performance with cooperating between public schools and the community. But, the functions of social capital is influenced by political and external environments (Fukumoto 2002). In this respect, Schneider, et al.(1997) argue that the design of government institutions can create incentives for individuals to engage in activities that increase social capital. In this paper, I examine whether the government institutions such as public school choice and the school council can influence perception and action of principals, parents and the community