Systematics of spiny-backed treefrogs (Hylidae: Osteocephalus): an Amazonian puzzle
- Jungfer, Karl Heinz
- Faivovich, Julián
- Padial, Jose M.
- Castroviejo Fisher, Santiago
- Lyra, Mariana M.
- Berneck, Bianca V. M.
- Iglesias, Patricia Paola
- Kok, Philippe J. R.
- MacCulloch, Ross D.
- Rodrigues, Miguel T.
- Verdade, Vanessa K.
- Torres Gastello, Claudia P.
- Chaparro, Juan Carlos
- Valdujo, Paula H.
- Reichle, Steffen
- Moravec, Jiri
- Gvozdik, Vaclav
- Gagliardi Urrutia, Giussepe
- Ernst, Raffael
- de la Riva, Ignacio
- Means, Donald Bruce
- Lima, Albertina P.
- Señaris, J. Celsa
- Wheeler, Ward C.
- Haddad, Celio F. B.
DOIAbstract
Spiny-backed tree frogs of the genus Osteocephalus are conspicuous components of the tropical wet forests of the Amazon and the Guiana Shield. Here, we revise the phylogenetic relationships of Osteocephalus and its sister group Tepuihyla, using up to 6134 bp of DNA sequences of nine mitochondrial and one nuclear gene for 338 specimens from eight countries and 218 localities, representing 89% of the 28 currently recognized nominal species. Our phylogenetic analyses reveal (i) the paraphyly of Osteocephalus with respect to Tepuihyla, (ii) the placement of ‘Hyla’ warreni as sister to Tepuihyla, (iii) the non-monophyly of several currently recognized species within Osteocephalus and (iv) the presence of low (<1%) and overlapping genetic distanc...
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