Science for managing ecosustem services: Beyond the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
- Carpenter, Stephen R.
- Money, Harold A.
- Agard, John
- Capristano, Doris
- DeFries, Ruth S.
- Diaz, Sandra Myrna
- Dietz, Thomas
- Duraiappah, Anantha K.
- Oteng Yeboah, Alfred
- Pereira, Henrique Miguel
- Perrings, Charles
- Reid, Walter V.
- Sarukhan, José
- Scholes, Roberto J.
- Whyte, Anne
DOIAbstract
The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) introduced a new framework for analyzing social–ecological systems that has had wide influence in the policy and scientific communities. Studies after the MA are taking up new challenges in the basic science needed to assess, project, and manage flows of ecosystem services and effects on human well-being. Yet, our ability to draw general conclusions remains limited by focus on discipline-bound sectors of the full social–ecological system. At the same time, some polices and practices intended to improve ecosystem services and human well-being are based on untested assumptions and sparse information. The people who are affected and those who provide resources are increasingly asking for evidence that i...
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