Effect of selenium and iodine on growth and development of Tartary buckwheat sprouts

Tatarska ajda (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn) je pomemben vir vlaknin, mineralov npr. Zn in Cu ter antioksidantov kot je rutin. Namen naše raziskave je bil raziskati vpliv selenata (Se(VI)) in jodata (I(V)) ter njuno kombinacijo na morfološke, fiziološke in biokemijske značilnosti kalic tatarske ajde. V magistrski nalogi smo semena tatarske ajde izpostavili Se(VI) (20 mg/L), ali I(V) (1500 mg/L) oz. Se(VI) + I(V) (20 mg/L Se(VI) + 1500 mg/L (I(V)). Kalitev in razvoj kalic je potekal v rastnih komorah. Po treh tednih smo opravili morfološke in biokemijske meritve na kalicah. Opravili smo tri ponovitve. Ugotovili smo, da je izpostavitev semen tatarske ajde Se(VI) spodbudila kaljivost semen ter rast kalic, kar sovpada s vsebnostjo vode v kalicah tatarske ajde, ki je bila najvišja pri izpostavitvi Se(VI). Večji delež suhe snovi smo izmerili pri kalicah tatarske ajde iz semen, izpostavljenih I(V) ali Se(VI) + I(V). Namakanje semen v raztopino Se(VI) kot tudi I(V) nista negativno vplivala na razvoj kalic tatarske ajde, saj je bila fotokemična učinkovitost fotosistema II (FSII) višja ali enaka kot pri kontrolni skupini. Najvišjo aktivnost elektronskega transportnega sistema (ETS) smo izmerili pri kontrolni skupini ter pri kalicah tatarske ajde iz semen, izpostavljenih Se(VI), ali I(V) oz. Se(VI) + I(V). Koncentracija klorofila a je bila višja pri kontroli in pri kalicah tatarske ajde iz semen, izpostavljenih Se(VI) + I(V). Višjo koncentracijo klorofila b smo izmerili pri kontroli v primerjavi z ostalimi izpostavitvami. Najvišjo vsebnost karotenoidov smo izmerili pri kontroli in pri kalicah iz semen, izpostavljenih Se(VI) + I(V). Vsebnost antocianov je bila najvišja pri kontroli in pri kalicah tatarske ajde iz semen, izpostavljenih I(V). Težnja višjih koncentracij UV-B in UV-A absorbirajočih snovi je bila pri vseh treh ponovitvah pri kontroli. Vsebnost rutina je bila najvišja pri kontroli in pri kalicah tatarske ajde iz semen, izpostavljenih Se(VI) + I(V).Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn) contains important fibres, vitamins, minerals as Zn and Cu and antioxidants as it is rutin. The aim of our study was to examine effect of selenate (Se(VI)), iodate (I(V)) and their combination on morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of buckwheat sprouts. Tartary seeds were soaked in Se(VI) (20 mg/L), I(V) (1500 mg/L) or in Se(VI) + I(V) (20 mg/L Se(VI) + 1500 mg/L (I(V)). Further development of plants proceeded in growth chamber. Three weeks after germination we stopped the experiment and made measurements. We made three repetitions of experiment. Seed germination was higher in control group and in treatment of Se(VI) which effected on increased height and fresh weight of buckwheat sprouts. Dry weight increased in Tartary buckwheat sprouts which seeds were soaked in I(V) or Se(VI) + I(V). Exposures of Se(VI), I(V) and Se(VI) + I(V) provided the same or increased values of photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (FSII) as compared to control group. Activity of electron transport system (ETS) increased in control group and in buckwheat sprouts which seeds were soaked in Se(VI), I(V) or Se(VI) + I(V). Levels of chlorophyll a increased in buckwheat sprouts, which seeds were soaked in Se(VI) + I(V). Increased levels of chlorophyll b were measured in buckwheat sprouts in control group. The highest amounts of carotenoids were measured in control group and in buckwheat sprouts which seeds were soaked in Se(VI) + I(V). Increased levels of anthocyanin were measured in control group and in buckwheat sprouts which seeds were soaked in Se(VI). We noticed trend of increased levels of UV-B and UV-A absorbing compounds in buckwheat sprouts in control group. Levels of rutin increased in control group and in buckwheat sprouts, which seeds were soaked in Se(VI) + I(V)