Component based modeling and validation of a steering system for a commercial vehicle

The prediction of steering wheel torque in a truck is a challenging subject due to the many components connecting the driver to the front wheels. In order to accurately predict the steering wheel torque a highly detailed model is required. Steering systems in commercial vehicle handling simulation models found in literature are often modeled in a simple way while literature on passenger vehicles suggests the necessity of a higher model complexity. In this research a highly detailed model with four states, friction, stiffness, hydraulic assistance and the necessary kinematic relations is developed. This model could assist in the development of the steering system in the early stages of the design. The model is able to accurately predict the steering wheel torque, drag link force and king pin angles. The parameters for this model are estimated by means of dedicated tests and the steering system model is validated outside of the vehicle