STUDY OF SERUM URIC ACID LEVEL IN DIABETES MELLITUS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS

BACKGROUND This study intends to assess the level of serum uric acid in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and to identify whether any association exists between age, sex, anthropometric measurements (BMI, WHR), hypertension, dyslipidaemia, smoking and coronary artery disease with serum uric acid level. MATERIALS AND METHODS Period of study was from September 2011 to August 2013. It was done in M.K.C.G Medical College with the approval from Berhampur University. It is a descriptive analytical study. A total of 70 cases, who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken up for the study. Thirty age and sex matched subjects were kept as controls. Parameters like fasting and postprandial blood sugar levels, serum lipid profile, blood urea, serum creatinine and serum uric acid were measured. Statistical analysis was done using standard SPSS software. Student ‘t’ values was applied for significance. Significance was considered, if the ‘p’ value was below 0.01. RESULTS Males were found to have higher uric acid level when compared to females. The mean uric acid levels in males and females were 5.83 ± 1.20 mg/dl and 5.01 ± 1.38 mg/dl respectively although the difference was not statistically significant. serum uric acid correlated well with body mass index (BMI). The mean uric acid in subjects with BMI >25 was 6.52 ± 0.86 mg/dl and 4.29 ± 0.80 mg/dl in patients with BMI < 25 (statistically significant). Mean serum uric acid levels in patients with abnormal WHR and normal WHR were 6.47 ± 0.87 mg/dl and 4.25 ± 0.76 mg/dl respectively (statistically significant). In the study, uric acid levels were significantly elevated in patients with dyslipidaemia. The mean serum uric acid level in patients with dyslipidaemia was 6.61 ± 1.01 mg/dl and in patients with normal lipid profile was 4.39 ± 0.89 mg/dl. Serum uric acids were also found to be significantly raised in patients with hypertension. The mean uric acid levels in diabetics with hypertension and without hypertension were 6.71 ± 0.73 mg/dl and 4.80 ± 1.22 mg/dl respectively. CONCLUSION From this study it has been show that Serum uric acid levels were significantly elevated in diabetic population and that the level was independent of age and smoking status. Elevated levels were observed in those with BMI >25, WHR abnormality, dyslipidaemia with high triglycerides, hypertension and CAD