HISTORICAL AND LINGUISTIC COMMENTARY IN THE CONTEXT OF TEACHING THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AT SCHOOL

Introduction: the article substantiates the necessity of studying the grammatical structure of the modern Russian language in terms of its history, considers methods of explaining difficult spelling cases using elements of historical and linguistic commenting, as well as data of historical Phonetics and historical lexicology.Materials and methods: materials for commenting were selected from Russian studies approved by the Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation. In the course of working on the article the following methods were used – analysis of scientific sources, comparative analysis, methods of comparison and generalization.Research results: the article substantiates the role of knowledge of the history of the language in the scientific study of the language. The necessity of addressing to the history of the Russian language is also connected with the increased interest in the characteristics and roots of the Russian mentality, and the language is considered to be its custodian. Therefore, the history and linguistic approach at the lessons of the Russian language at school is so important. The authors determine the particular importance of lexicology in etymological analysis of words, as well as historical phonetics - in the study of spelling of full-voice and corresponding non-consonant combinations, as well as in the presentation of rules related to fluency of vowel sounds. The study is accompanied by specific examples from the school curriculum of Russian language studies.Discussion and conclusion: the appeal to the considered aspects of the history of the native language (phonetics, lexicology) in close unity with the studied material, reflected in the school curriculum, allows students to penetrate deep into the native language, to feel its various nuances, it promotes the development of various forms of logical and associative thinking, awareness of national identity