International audienceIn the Ancient Near East, death was an everyday element of life, involving both private and public aspects. Based on various cuneiform documents from the 2nd millennium B.C., the objective of this talk is to show how, in the private and the public domains, death could be decided upon, executed and interpreted. The focus will be on the realm of justice, where death could be inflicted by the State (the king or his delegates), but also left to the care of the head of the family (usually a father or a husband). In both cases, the punishment could be carried out in public, giving it a visible and/or exemplary character, such as during impalement. But it could also be hidden, for example in the case of a secret execution or ...