Through a brief genealogy of the hypotyposis, this essay offers a theoretical description of its different contemporary purposes in relation to memory. We indeed consider that it nowadays constitutes a central memorial figure in contemporary literature and art, which, by evoking the past as if it were present (Dumarsais), disturbs reception. Ultimately, it evidences the difficulty we are now facing to unlock an analogy between the real and its depiction, whether it is poetic or rhetorical, to such a point that it jeopardizes a large section of philosophical thinking.À partir d’une brève généalogie de la figure de l’hypotypose, cet article propose une réflexion théorique sur ses usages contemporains dans sa relation à la mémoire. On considèr...