PTX, DEX and AZI inhibit LPS-, R848-, and LPS/ATP-induced cytokine production in newborn cord blood.

<p>Human cord blood (n = 10) was pretreated with (a) PTX (50–200 μM), (b) DEX (10⁻¹⁰–10⁻⁷ M), (c) AZI (2.5–20 μM) or vehicle control for 2 hours. Samples were stimulated with 10 ng/ml LPS, 1 μg/ml R848, or LPS followed by 5 mM ATP for inflammasome induction, and cultured for 6 hours at 37°C in 5% CO₂. Supernatant cytokine concentrations were measured, and results expressed as a percentage (mean ± SEM) compared to TLRAs alone, which were defined as 100%. The corresponding mean cytokine concentrations in pg/ml induced by TLRAs alone were represented in brackets next to each cytokine as part of the graph legends.