Формування підприємницької компетентності майбутніх спеціалістів засобами практико-орієнтованого навчання

У статті розглянуто шляхи формування підприємницької компетентності майбутніх фахівців засобами практико-орієнтованого навчання. Для досягнення мети використано методи синтезу, порівняння й узагальнення, що дозволило уточнити базові поняття дослідження та розкрити сутність дефініції «підприємницька компетентність». Основні результати дослідження виявляють можливості використання методу проектів з метою набуття студентами досвіду практичної діяльності. Представлено досвід викладачів кафедри товарознавства та експертизи якості товарів Харківського торговельно-економічного інституту КНТЕУ в застосуванні засобів практико-орієнтованого навчання для організації аудиторної й позааудиторної проектної діяльності студентів.The article emphasizes the relevance of the application of practice-oriented education for the formation of business competence of professionals. It is shown on the timeliness view of the project method as a way of its formation. It is noted that the problem of formation of business competence of the future professionals by means of practice-oriented education has been rarely researched by scientists and still has not become the subject of detailed study. The purpose of the article is to clarify the concept of "practice-oriented education" and to define the ways of forming the future professional's of business competences by means of practice-based education. On the basis of scientific and encyclopedic sources of reference the state of the investigation of researched problem is defined and is made the conclusion that in most cases practice-oriented education is seen as theoretical training combined with practical work, and it allows us to focus the educational process on the development of professional competencies as an outcome. It is found out that professionally-oriented technology of training is seen as technology aimed at forming knowledge and skills, important for professional activity and professional-important qualities of the future specialists. However, this interpretation does not solve the problem of transition from educational activity of student to the assimilated by him professional activity. For this purpose the methods of synthesis, comparison and generalization, which allowed clarifying the basic concept of research and discovering the essence of the definition of "business competence", are used. Business competence is considered as integrated psychological quality of person, which manifests itself in motivated capacity for creativity and implementation of new economic ideas and makes possible to solve various problems in everyday professional and social life. The main results of the study show the possibility of using the method of projects for acquiring practical experience by students. The experience of teachers of the Department of Commodity and examination of the quality of goods of Kharkov Trade and Economic Institute of KNTEU in the application of practice-oriented training for the organization of classroom and extracurricular students project activities is described