Early menarche, nulliparity and the risk for premature and early natural menopause
- Mishra, Gita D.
- Pandeya, Nirmala
- Dobson, Annette J.
- Chung, Hsin-Fang
- Anderson, Debra
- Kuh, Diana
- Sandin, Sven
- Giles, Graham G.
- Bruinsma, Fiona
- Hayashi, Kunihiko
- Lee, Jung Su
- Mizunuma, Hideki
- Cade, Janet E.
- Burley, Victoria
- Greenwood, Darren C.
- Goodman, Alissa
- Simonsen, Mette Kildevæld
- Adami, Hans-Olov
- Demakakos, Panayotes
- Weiderpass, Elisabete
DOIAbstract
Abstract STUDY QUESTION Are parity and the timing of menarche associated with premature and early natural menopause? SUMMARY ANSWER Early menarche (≤11 years) is a risk factor for both premature menopause (final menstrual period, FMP <40 years) and early menopause (FMP 40–44 years), a risk that is amplified for nulliparous women. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Women with either premature or early menopause face an increased risk of chronic conditions in later life and of early death. Findings from some studies suggest that early menarche and nulliparity are associated with early menopause, however overall the evidence is mixed. Much of the evidence for a direct relationship is hampered by a lack of comparability across studies, failure to adjust for...
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