Microgrid protection

This chapter presents a protection solution for microgrids that can overcome some of the problems related to protection of microgrids. This is based on automatic adaptive protection, that is, change of protection settings depending on the microgrid configuration based on pre‐calculated or on real‐time calculated settings. The implementation of an adaptive protection system can be deployed with a centralized or decentralized approach, depending on the distribution of functionalities. The chapter focuses on the centralized approach. It also analyzes the installation of an independent system that supplies a fault current in the microgrid dominated by DERs with PE interfaces, for example, PV panels. The increase in the fault current level helped by a dedicated device, especially in isolated operation of microgrids dominated by power electronics interfaced DER, is explained. Finally, the possible use of fault current limitation is discussed