MOESM4 of Convalescent Plasmodium falciparum-specific seroreactivity does not correlate with paediatric malaria severity or Plasmodium antigen exposure

Additional file 4. Assessment of P. falciparum and total Ig levels by age and sex. (a) Spearman correlations comparing age vs. acute total IgG level, age vs. 30-day convalescent total IgG level, and total IgG levels across timepoints show significant linear trends. (b) Volcano plots comparing the effect of age (> 5 years/≤ 5 years) on IgG, IgM seroreactivity to P. falciparum and PfEMP1 antigens indicates that for IgG in acute infection, age affects the magnitude of seroreactivity to a few P. falciparum antigens and a general non-significant trend for higher antibodies to all proteins in older children during acute infection (CM + UM total n = 48). (c) Volcano plots of inverse unadjusted P-values (y-axis) and linear regression effect estimates (x-axis) for comparing the effect of sex (male/female) on IgG, IgM seroreactivity to P. falciparum and PfEMP1 antigens indicate that sex does not have a significant effect on seroreactivity in our patient population in acute infection or convalescence, although non-significant trends for higher overall P. falciparum-specific IgG and IgM in males during acute infection and lower PfEMP1-specific IgG in males for both time points could be observed (CM + UM total n = 48). Dashed lines represent unadjusted P-value of 0.05. Points are highlighted in bold, red if significant after adjustment for the false discovery rate