The perception of life as a drama and the diffusion of other dramatic similes in Greek thought are related to the increasing popularity of theatrical performances, first in classical Athens, later in the Hellenistic world. The ubiquitous experience of theatrical performances lead to the application of more sophisticated theatrical elements in public life, made the Greeks more sensitive to their effects, and strengthened a sense for dramatic changes in contemporary historiography (§1). This paper studies « theatrical behavior » in public life. Theatricality is defined (§ 2) as the effort of individuals or groups to construct an at least partly deceiving image of themselves and to gain control over the emotions and the thoughts of others trou...