This article identifies the principal challenges which the Darwinian theory of evolution makes to Christian theology : a challenge to natural theology, since divine intervention is no longer necessary to account for the origin of living beings ; a challenge to theodicy, since the exorbitant price paid by individuals and species during evolution make it difficult to find the goodwill and all-powerfulness of God thinkable ; a challenge to divine omni-science, since the process of evolution obeys a random mechanism which is apparently devoid of any finality. The resources of current theology to reply to these challenges within a conversation with scientific narrative are then explored.Dans cet article sont identifiés les principaux défis que l...