[[alternative]]Study of Energy Saving and Thermal Expansion Control for Power Turret

碩士電機工程學系[[abstract]]摘 要 車銑複合加工機上之關鍵模組刀塔單元在高速（約3000轉至4500轉之間）運轉時，因銑削軸與齒輪之間相互摩擦而產生熱量，且此熱量在密閉空間內不易降溫，再加上馬達運轉時所產生的熱量，使刀塔各部位因溫度上升，出現熱膨脹現象。為了改善此種因熱效應造成機體膨脹，因而產生刀具與工件的相對位置和精度劣化，造成加工零件公差超出標準或精度不穩定之問題，本論文深入探討車銑複合加工機因溫升對刀塔所造成之影響，並藉由油壓驅動系統及外部冷卻系統之設計，使銑削軸轉速提升達6000轉，並持續於高速運轉及切削時，有效穩定控制刀塔溫度變化，使刀塔可長時間加工。同時本研究可減少刀具之伸長量達60%，進而提升國內動力刀塔逐步進入高經濟價值及高技術領域之市場。此外為了降低工具機將近70%與生產量無關的固定能源消耗，本論文透過變頻原理配合油壓系統與反相換流器之控制，降低幫浦在待機時壓力，使其最小化，運用壓力與流量的控制降低液壓油溫度，並比較現有刀塔所使用油壓系統之輸出功率之差異，以改善工具機之耗電量，可節省約36%之電力損耗。本研究藉由上述之改善，使車銑複合加工機之刀塔加工效率提升，更發揮高速、高效切削能力，讓一機多功能之車銑複合加工機更能與歐、美、日等高技術水準工業國家之產品相抗衡。 關鍵字 : 動力刀塔、熱膨脹、電力損耗、變頻原理[[abstract]]Abstract The fastest rotation, between 3000 and 4500 turns, of the turret in a CNC slant bed lathe generates heat from gears and cutting axis in the power turret, and this causes the thermal expansion of the turret due to the difficulty to dissipate the heat in a closed space. In order to solve the inaccuracy of machining components’ position due to the thermal expansion, which will lead to an excess error and unstable accuracy of processed pieces, thus this thesis aims to deeply study the effect of temperature raise on the turret and to control the increase and stability of temperature during high speed running by the design of an efficient external coolant system. This research not only increases the shaft rotation to 6000 turns with stable temperature, but also reduces the thermal growth of tooling about 60% during long time machining process. Thus, the research will contribute to the high economic value and high technology level for the domestic CNC slant-bed lathe. Furthermore, as the machine tool under operating production, 70% energy is the fixed consumption, which is not related to production. Thus, the thesis adopts the principle of frequency conversion with oil pressure system and inverter control to minimize the pump pressure during waiting period. It decreases oil pressure temperature by controlling the pressure and flow and saves about 36% power consumption. Through the improvement mentioned above, the turret process efficiency of turning-milling complex machining is increased by high speed and efficient cutting. Keyword: Power turret, Thermal expansion, Power wear, Inverte